Lifting and Rigging Operations JSA – Job Safety Analysis

Lifting and Rigging Operations JSA - Job Safety Analysis
Lifting and Rigging Operations JSA – Job Safety Analysis

Lifting and Rigging Operations JSA – Job Safety Analysis


1. Introduction

Lifting and rigging operations involve the use of cranes, hoists, forklifts, chain blocks, slings, and rigging hardware to move heavy loads. These tasks are routine in construction, manufacturing, shipping yards, oil & gas, and power plants.

However, lifting and rigging are classified as high-risk activities due to hazards such as:

  • Dropped loads
  • Overloading equipment
  • Rigging failure
  • Crane collapse
  • Struck-by incidents
  • Pinch points and entanglement
  • Electrocution from overhead power lines

Improper lifting operations have caused major accidents worldwide. Conducting a Job Safety Analysis (JSA) ensures hazards are identified, risks evaluated, and controls established to prevent accidents.


2. Purpose of This JSA

The objectives are to:

  • Prevent accidents during lifting and rigging.
  • Ensure all lifting activities are conducted safely and efficiently.
  • Protect workers, equipment, and materials.
  • Comply with OSHA, ISO, and ASME lifting safety standards.
  • Standardize procedures for rigging inspections and lifting operations.

3. Applicable Standards & References

  • OSHA 29 CFR 1926.753 – Hoisting and Rigging
  • OSHA 29 CFR 1910.184 – Slings
  • ASME B30 series – Safety Standards for Cranes, Hoists, Slings, and Rigging
  • ISO 12480 – Cranes – Safe Use
  • LOLER (UK Regulations) – Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations
  • Company Lifting Safety Procedure

4. Scope of Work

This JSA applies to:

  • Mobile crane operations
  • Tower crane lifting
  • Forklift and Hydra operations
  • Hoist and chain block use
  • Rigging with slings, shackles, hooks, spreader beams
  • Load movement and placement
  • Lifting in confined areas

5. Step-by-Step JSA Process

Step 1: Job Breakdown

  1. Pre-job planning and risk assessment.
  2. Obtaining lifting permit and load chart.
  3. Inspection of lifting equipment and rigging gear.
  4. Establishing exclusion zones and barricades.
  5. Attaching slings and securing load.
  6. Conducting test lift.
  7. Executing lifting operation (hoisting, slewing, traveling).
  8. Placing and securing load.
  9. Post-lift inspection and demobilization.

Step 2: Hazard Identification

  • Falling loads – from sling failure or improper rigging.
  • Crane overturning – due to overloading or unstable ground.
  • Struck-by incidents – workers hit by swinging loads.
  • Pinch points – hands/fingers caught during rigging.
  • Electrocution – crane boom contacting overhead lines.
  • Poor communication – misinterpreted signals causing unsafe movements.
  • Mechanical failure – of hooks, shackles, or slings.

Step 3: Risk Assessment Table

TaskHazardConsequenceRisk RatingControl Measures
Pre-job planningNo lifting planCollapse, injuryHighPrepare lifting plan, toolbox talk
Equipment inspectionFaulty slings, hooksLoad dropHighVisual & certification check
Load riggingPinch pointsFinger crushMediumUse tag lines, gloves
Test liftOverloadCrane tip-overHighVerify load chart & SWL
Hoisting loadSwinging loadStruck-byHighExclusion zone, tag lines
Slewing loadOverhead power linesElectrocutionHighMaintain clearance (10 ft min)
Load placementInstabilityCollapse, injuryHighLevel ground, slow lowering

6. Control Measures

A. Engineering Controls

  • Use cranes and rigging certified for load capacity.
  • Install load indicators and limit switches.
  • Place outriggers and mats for stability.
  • Use spreader beams for long or heavy loads.

B. Administrative Controls

  • Implement a Permit-to-Lift System.
  • Assign a competent lifting supervisor.
  • Conduct a pre-lift meeting/toolbox talk.
  • Establish hand signal and radio communication protocols.
  • Set up barricades and exclusion zones.

C. PPE Requirements

  • Hard hat with chin strap.
  • High-visibility vest.
  • Steel-toe boots.
  • Cut-resistant gloves.
  • Safety goggles.
  • Fall protection harness (if working at height).

7. Roles & Responsibilities

  • Site Manager: Approves lifting plan, provides resources.
  • Lifting Supervisor: Manages operations, ensures compliance.
  • Rigger: Secures load with slings and hardware.
  • Signalman: Guides crane operator with standard signals.
  • Crane Operator: Operates equipment safely per instructions.
  • Safety Officer: Audits compliance, ensures exclusion zones.

8. Emergency Preparedness

  • Rescue plan in case of load collapse or entrapment.
  • First aid kits and trained personnel on site.
  • Emergency contact numbers displayed.
  • Fire extinguishers nearby (for hydraulic/electrical fires).
  • Clear evacuation routes.

9. Best Practices for Lifting and Rigging Safety

  • Always check Safe Working Load (SWL) and never exceed it.
  • Inspect slings, hooks, and shackles before use.
  • Keep workers clear of suspended loads.
  • Use tag lines to control load swing.
  • Never stand under suspended loads.
  • Maintain minimum clearance of 10 feet from power lines.
  • Stop lifting during high winds or poor visibility.
  • Store rigging equipment properly after use.

10. Sample JSA Form – Lifting & Rigging Operations

Job Title: Lifting and Rigging Operations
Location: ____________________
Date: ____________________
Supervisor: ____________________

Task StepHazardControl MeasurePPE RequiredResponsible Person
Pre-lift planningLack of lifting planPermit-to-lift systemHelmet, vestSupervisor
Equipment inspectionFaulty rigging gearVisual & certification checksGloves, bootsRigger
Attaching loadPinch pointsTag lines, glovesGlovesRigger
Test liftOverloadSWL checkHelmetOperator
HoistingSwinging loadExclusion zone, signalerVest, helmetOperator
Load placementCollapseLevel groundGloves, bootsSupervisor

11. Conclusion

Lifting and rigging operations are high-risk but essential for construction and industrial work. The success of safe lifting depends on proper planning, certified equipment, skilled personnel, clear communication, and strict adherence to procedures.


Final Safety Reminder:

“Every lift has a risk — plan it, control it, and execute it safely.”

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